American game chart

Scrappy, stately, and bad-to-the-bone, the fiercely territorial nature of the cocks of this breed are an indication of their historical use as fighting birds. Though this practice is now illegal in every state of the USA as of August , no one told the chickens it was time to stop fighting. Due to the congenital, bellicose spirit of the cockerels better known as stags , it is generally advised that they should be separated from the flock as soon as they reach maturity, for both their own safety and the safety of any other male birds and owners!

No one wants a bloodbath in their front yard, and the stags are known to fight the death. Dubbing was historically used to reduce the risk of fighting birds being injured in the pit and consequently prevent damage to cold.

Now, it is a breed standard and done for purely aesthetic reasons. If you'd like a PDF version to print for your class or the audio to use in a language lab, please see the download page. Teachers and advanced students may be interested in some of the decisions that went into designing this English chart:. There are many ways to transcribe English into phonemic transcriptions and, because there are various schools of thought and traditions, not all linguists agree on how it should be done.

At times, it may even feel as if there are as many conventions as there as dictionaries! As mentioned, the goal of this chart is to teach the sounds of American English. To do a good job of it, I had to decide what to focus on and just what to include. This is where all of the practicing plays a major role in a successful bow hunt or heading home with a tag sandwich.

There are numerous game animals to go after in North America, but some are more commonly pursued than others. Knowing the vital shot placement for these North American game animals can drastically increase your bow hunting success and give you the confidence to venture out after other game animals.

These trophy quality members of the deer family carry towering antlers and provide an abundant amount of meat, not to mention heart-stopping hunting encounters. Found mainly in the western portion of North America, bow hunting these big game animals requires physical fitness and proper preparation.

Bow hunting elk is typically a spot and stalk game covering varying distances and terrain in high elevations. Broadheads for Elk : Elk have dense muscles and a thicker hide than their smaller deer relatives so consider choosing a broadhead that allows for better penetration and accuracy.

In this instance, the best broadhead for elk would be cut on contact mechanical broadhead. Elk Vitals: The best vital shot placement on an elk with a bow is a double lung shot with the animal standing broadside. I n North America, whitetail deer are the most widely hunted game animal and deer species. Most bow hunters hunting deer will spend their hunts high in a tree stand or ground blind, unlike a spot and stalk for elk and other species. Because of this, a hunter should be familiar with the anatomy of a deer to be able to compensate for straight on placement shots or tree stand elevation not to mention quartering shots with elevation.

Broadheads for Deer : The best broadhead for deer is among the most heated battles when it comes to archery gear. Fixed vs. Mechanical is entirely up to the user. Read this article for more information.

Deer Vitals: When the deer is standing broadside, this is the best opportunity to take a heart shot by aiming a few inches higher than the armpit area below the lungs. If hunting from an elevated tree stand, keep in mind your exit point where your broadhead will pass through. The quartering away position is another position favored by bow hunters for vital organ shot placement.

For this shot, aim through and for the arrow to exit the off front leg shoulder. Bow hunting bears, and more specifically black bears takes some careful planning and precision. Due to copyright restrictions, we cannot show you the card.

You will need to purchase your own from the NMJL. However, this section will teach you how to read the card, so you can understand which tile combinations are valid. Each line on the card represents a winning hand. Each hand is made up of 14 tiles.

Colors and notes help define the hand specifically. Note that these are combinations of identical tiles. The card sometimes includes groups of tiles that are represented together, but since they are made of different tiles, they should really be considered as individual tiles. For example, NEWS is not a kong but a set of each of the 4 individual wind tiles. Similarly, a year hand eg: is a set of 4 single tiles. This often confuses beginners, and it would certainly help to avoid confusion if the NMJL would mark these with a space between each tile on the card.

Three colors are used on the card: blue, red and green. Those colors do not designate a particular suit. Any color can represent any suit, but within a given hand, each tile of a given color should be in the same suit. The 2s and 4s need to be in the same suit and the 6s and 8s need to be in another suit. For instance, your 2s and 4s could be dots and your 6s and 8s cracks; or your 2s and 4s could be bams and your 6s and 8s dots, etc.

All these combinations are equally valid. When dragons are included in a combination and they are marked in the same color as the rest of the hand, they need to match the suit used:. In this example, all characters and numbers are in the same color, so they need to be in the same suit, with matching dragons.

For instance, a winning hand could be a pair of 2-cracks, a pung of 4-cracks, a kong of red dragons, a pung of six-cracks and a pair of 8-cracks. Sometimes, the dragon is in a different color to other combinations, indicating it should NOT match the other suits this is called "opposite dragon". Example: 22 44 DDDD. Here we will need to use one suit for the 2s and 4s, another suit for 6s and 8s and dragons should match the 3rd suit.

For instance, a winning hand could be a pair of 2-dots, a pair of 4-dots, a pung of 6-cracks, a pung of 8-cracks and a kong of green dragons. The hands on the card are grouped in sections, which are mostly consistent from year to year:.

For example, for FFFF 22 , a winning hand could be a kong of flowers, a kong of 4-cracks, a pair of 5-cracks and a kong of 6-cracks.

Some hands are marked with an X which means exposed and some with a C, which denotes a concealed hand. When playing a concealed hand, you cannot call a discarded tile more on that in the "Calling a Tile" section. Each line on the card has a clarifying note in parenthesis next to the hand. When there's ambiguity in the hand representation, the note explains what is actually permitted and what is not.

For example, line 1 of consecutive runs generally includes the note "These numbers only". As discussed earlier, for consecutive runs, any sequence of consecutive numbers can usually be used, but for this one, only these specific numbers are allowed.

Since the numbers are in a different color than the dragons, you may assume they have to be different suits. But the note says "Any number, any suit, any dragon", which means suits are irrelevant in this case. The final piece of information on the card is the number of points for each hand. This indicates how many points you will receive if you win with this hand.